American Women and the American Revolution

Case #5 AP Courses - Essay Example The size of checking is very basic. Every test would be set apart out of 5 with 3 being the most minimal to slither into certain colleges and a score of 4 or 5 being satisfactory to the larger part. With me being the pioneer and school advocate, and the one to represent the deciding moment their 'fantasies', the entire obligation lays on my shoulders. To begin, the main inquiry which would fly into my head would be: 'precisely what amount did these understudies score' Since the most well-known score of acknowledgment is 4 out of 5, it's an important inquiry to know how that by the amount they are falling behind. It is additionally the explanation that I will expect here that my organization acknowledges a 4 out of 5 score for passing. Presently, the most significant truth to mull over is this; these understudies have reliably been on the respect move all through their scholarly vocations. This demonstrates they are persevering and committed understudies sharp after learning. This additionally presents the defense tilt towards their side of the contention since I ought not settle on a choice which will appear to be out of line to them, in which case there may be not kidding outcomes like they may get profoundly de-inspired and quit concentrating out and out.

Jane Goodall Research Paper free essay sample

Before she was leading ground-breaking research in Africa, she began as a typical youngster. She was conceived on April 3, 1934, in London, England. She had consistently adored creatures and this was effectively observed when at 4 years old she laid down with night crawlers in her bed and remained in a hen house for 5 hours to see her hen lay an egg. See cherished all creatures yet her fixation on primates originated from getting a stuffed chimpanzee which she named Jubilee, at 2 years old. This was from Current Biography. Jane had consistently longed for going to Africa to be among nature however it took her quite a while to make it there. At last, one of her companions welcomed her to her family’s ranch in Kenya. She at last got to Africa in 1957 at 23 years old. Jane incredibly delighted in being in Africa and once there she was resolved to discover the scientist, Louis Leakey. We will compose a custom paper test on Jane Goodall Research Paper or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page She had the option to meet him and when she did she discovered he was doing an investigation on gorillas. He wound up leaving her alone the principle field specialist. Established researchers felt that it was insane to let a lady with no science training run an investigation. Leakey knew about these originations yet didn’t pay them any brain. So in the year 1960, Jane set off for Gombe, Africa to start looking into. Not long before Goodall was preparing to begin the investigation, numerous analysts disheartened her, revealing to her that she could never draw near to the chimps and it would be an exercise in futility. Jane didn’t head any of this guidance. She realized that she was heading off to this investigation her way and that she would be effective. The initial two months were a bit of baffling for Jane. She would stroll through the underbrush and just have the option to hear the chimps shrieking from high above and once in a while, even catch a brief look at a chimp. At the point when she felt that everything was going awfully, she found a spot she called, the â€Å"peak. † The pinnacle was a clearing around 100 ft. over the wilderness floor. Jane could stay there and watch the chimps’ normal conduct. It was here where Jane began gathering her first perceptions. She saw the chimps welcome each other with much love and walk inseparably. When she even seen a male take a female’s hand and tenderly kiss it. Jane had the option to finish up from these initial not many perceptions that chimps are extremely social animals like us. In a matter of seconds by any means, Jane had made a revelation that stunned the science world. She had watched chimps on a few events deliberately, chase down and slaughter different creatures. Up to that point it was accepted that chimpanzees were herbivores. Another earth shattering revelation that Goodall made around that equivalent time was that chimps caused apparatuses to assist them with doing things. As indicated by PBS, she saw a chimp choose a grass stem, shave it with his teeth, and use it as a kind of angling rod post to scratch creepy crawlies out of the ground. Nobody had ever recorded seeing any animal other than a human make a device. This made individuals reexamine the meaning of a human. Despite the fact that Goodall was making disclosures, she still wasn’t satisfied with the way that she wasn’t ready to draw near to any chimps yet. Her new center was to do only that. She would sit on the timberland floor and watch as the chimps strolled by. Inevitably they got used to her and came nearer. Out of nowhere the chimps were forceful toward her however following half a month it halted and the chimps let her tail them while chasing for food. Before long she was even ready to begin connecting with them a bit. She had an exceptional association with a chimp she named David Gray Beard. He was the main chimp she really reached. A significant number of Jane’s peers didn’t like her since she named her subjects, and recounted tales about them as opposed to recording information. A great deal of them didn’t trust the validness of her revelations. Jane dismissed the entirety of this cynicism. She considered herself a â€Å"old designed naturalist. † In certainty she said she would have halted on the off chance that she had needed to things the official way. At long last, Goodall’s revelations were approved and a portion of her exploration procedures have been embraced by established researchers. Taking everything into account, the examination of Jane Goodall was progressive and it changed the way that we see ourselves. She found that chimps were omnivores ancd utilized devices; are social animals simply like people; and had the option to have contact with a wild chimp which nobody else had done. So in the wake of finding out about Jane Goodall would you be able to state that you are that vastly different than a chimp?

Essay on Current Topics in Hindi

Essay on Current Topics in HindiAn essay on current topics in Hindi is generally an interesting topic to write. The topics are not limited to the current era. Such topics are given if you wish to write on current issues that have been witnessed in the last couple of years.One of the best ways to choose a topic is to look at some of the past topics. Look for things that have happened in the recent past. This will make you think about the present and give you ideas on how to write about a specific subject. Think of subjects that have been discussed by the politicians and others. This will also help you prepare your essay on current topics in Hindi.Essay on current topics in Hindi can be anything that happened recently. They can be the same as the topics discussed by politicians, discussed on the TV, or even at the news channels. You can go and talk to a group of friends to ask them about topics that have been discussed recently. This way you can find out topics that are not too usual.T ake a trip to a book store and see what books they have on current topics in Hindi. There are many subjects like political and economic debates, sports, politics, and gossip that had made many topics in the recent past. Try to study such topics. Ask your friends to do the same.After you have chosen a topic, you need to research well and try to understand the points that people make. This is one of the ways to help yourself with the homework that you will have to do. Make sure that you study the right perspective. The right perspective will help you understand the current situations in a better way.The other thing that you can do when writing an essay on current topics in Hindi is to take an essay for instance. Find a topic in this way. This way you can make your essay on current topics in Hindi more impressive. If you cannot find a topic of discussion on which you can base your essay on, there are many other things that you can do.The next thing that you can do is to ask your friend s for a suggestion or advice when it comes to writing an essay on current topics in Hindi. Read the thoughts of your friends to understand their opinions on the topic. Read these opinions to find out the views of your friends. Try to understand their opinion and try to incorporate it into your essay on current topics in Hindi.The final option is to rewrite your essay for an essay on current topics in Hindi. It will help you in a way if you just translate it to Hindi. You can also make notes and use them in your essay. When you come across with some problems while writing your essay on current topics in Hindi, then the most important thing is to check the grammar and practice it till you get it right. After all, you are going to read your essay on current topics in Hindi.

Analysis Of Seconds By Bryan O Malley - 1710 Words

The way that a woman treats her friends is based on the person her parents raised her to be. In the story â€Å"Seconds† by Bryan O’Malley he follows the life of the protagonist, Katie and how her decision greatly affect her future. Katie lacks a relationship with her parents, which is why she struggles in relationships. Katie proves this by communicating with her friends in an unpleasant manner. Katie lack many key aspects to being a good friend one is caring for another. Also her disrespectful attitude puts a strain on her relationships that she has with her friends. Along with that she also lies to her friends, and is unfaithful to her significant other without any consideration of their feelings. Lastly Katie is selfish, and puts her wants†¦show more content†¦When Katie was a child, her parents should have taught her how to care for others, but this proves that due to Katie not holding a strong relationship with her parents, she does not understand that it is in rude for a woman not to show compassion to her friends. Being caring to others is an important part of being a good friend. When a friend gets put into a hurtful situation, it is the responsibility as a decent person to show compassion for the given situation. Katie’s lack of compassion for Arthur’s loss is why O’Malley chose to not bring him back till the end of the book. So that Katie could feel how it felt to lose a friend because of her choices. ` A woman without parental guidance can be disrespectful to people that she interacts with on a daily basics. This is another aspect that goes into being a bad friend. In â€Å"Seconds† the graphic novel by Bryan Lee O’Malley shows a disrespectful side to Katie when she says â€Å"and what do we have here? Oh. It’s garbage†(32), when she is overlooking what Andrew has prepared. When Katie insults Chef Andrew’s cooking he gets very angry with her, and begins to yell at her in the middle of the kitchen. O’Malley also shows Andrews anger by turning his face red and having smoke coming out of his head. Even though Andrew and Katie were is in relationship shortly after Katie this argument Andrew broke it off with Katie. When a woman is insulting to her so call friends, it can

U.s. School Military Leadership - 1701 Words

In recent years women in the United States have been making advancements in leadership roles. One place that women, in the past, had not been able to take on more power is the military. In just the past few years’ women have been allowed to serve in combat roles, however little advancements have been made for them to serve in special operation forces. In just the last few weeks some this has been questioned as two women are about to graduate from ranger school. Having women graduating from ranger school, a grueling leadership course in the military, shows advancements women are making in leadership roles today. The fact that these two women have been able to make it to graduation at an elite military leadership course is huge. This is the†¦show more content†¦However there are still many obstacles for female advancements. While these two women were able to graduate from the ranger program, according to military rules, even though they have completed the ranger program they are not allowed to try out or serve on the ranger regiment (Oppel). This shows the heavy divide in female to male leadership roles. Despite the heavy restrictions placed on female soldiers this new development may be just what is needed to allow women to have a place in higher leadership roles. According to Oppel the Army and other branches of service have until January 1st to decide what jobs are going to be open to women. This shows the leading role these women have already taken on. They are setting the way for other women to make advancements in all fields. Women have been taking on more responsibility in the military as time has moved on. They have served our nation in combat and some have even been a part of support teams to help Ranger and Navy SEALS in the past. According to Oppel, â€Å"some women even perform intelligence gathering as part of SEAL Team 6’s top- secret Black Squadron. â€Å" This shows that women have been a vital part of military victories for years. One commander mentioned in Oppel piece in defense of women is Colonel Fivecoat. He said that he would always make sure two women would be assigned to his company.

The Dietary Influences Of Childhood Obesity Essay

Today, we see more cases involving childhood obesity throughout the United States than ever before. In this generation, 17% of all children across the country are suffering from obesity. Many say that dietary influences such as school lunch options, food deserts, advertising of foods, portion sizes, unhealthy eating patterns, and a lack of exercise are the major causes of childhood obesity. Others believe that where, how, and what children eat does not factor into childhood obesity. Rather, genetic components are the main cause of weight gain in children. After considering both sides of the issue, I strongly believe dietary influences are the main cause of childhood obesity. Dietary influences such as such lunch options are a major cause of childhood obesity. Unfortunately, many schools all over the country continue to offer unhealthy food in their cafeterias. In the mid-1900s, The National School Program, a federally assisted program, began giving schools millions of dollars annua lly for nourishing, free lunch. According to Barry Yeoman in the article School Lunches Cause Childhood Obesity,† â€Å"Enacted in 1946, the program is supposed to provide healthy meals to children, regardless of income. At the same time, however, it s designed to subsidize agribusiness, shoring up demands for beef and milk...† In other words, students are still being offered great amounts of dairy and beef, which are high in saturated fats. Saturated fats significantly contribute to obesity andShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity : A Worldwide Health Issue921 Words   |  4 PagesChildhood Obesity Obesity is known to be a worldwide health issue, with the greatest concentrations of obese individuals in developed countries. In the past years it has been well documented that obesity has increased in both adults and children, and an increase is still expected. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) program defines obesity in adults as a BMI of 30 or greater. Children are considered obese when they are above 95% of the normal weight of children with the same age andRead MoreChildhood Obesity And Its Effects On Children And The Dangers Associated With This Rise1438 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscussing the recent increase of obesity rates in children and the dangers associated with this rise. The research focused specifically on children who had survived cancer and later developed obesity, causing more complications in their health. This rise of obesity in child cancer survivors has been linked to numerous potential factors causing an increase in the possibility of developi ng this disease. The potential factors that increase the risk of childhood obesity in cancer survivors include, treatmentRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Serious Medical Condition That Affects Children And Adolescents991 Words   |  4 PagesIf current adolescent obesity rates continue, predictions say by 2035 there will be more than 100,000 additional cases of heart disease linked to obesity (Collins 1). Childhood obesity has become more of an epidemic over the last few years. Although there are debates of childhood obesity being a problem, several factors contribute to childhood obesity such as parental feeding styles and fast food, nonetheless, which can all be prevented. Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition that affectsRead MoreChildhood Obesity Worldwide and in Hong Kong921 Words   |  4 PagesSignificance of Childhood Obesity Worldwide and in Hong Kong 1.1.1 Definition of Childhood Obesity Overweight and obesity are defined as â€Å"abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents risk to health† (1), in which overweight is defined as having excess body weight for a particular height from fat, muscle, bone, water while obesity is defined as having excess body fat (2). Body Mass Index (BMI) is a commonly used and highly practical measure to indicate overweight and obesity, in which the person’sRead MoreThe Future of Responsibility Essay example1137 Words   |  5 Pagesrate. One of the most serious problems nowadays is obesity. To put it simply, obesity is a term used to describe the body weight of a person that is much greater than what is healthy. Unfortunately, the majority of those who are victimized by obesity are children. â€Å"Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions. Worldwide, approximately 22 million children under 5 years of age are overweight.† (854-855) says Pediatric Cardiologist and obesity expert Albert P. Rocchini, M.D, of the University ofRead MoreNutrition And Weight Status : Preventing Childhood Obesity1478 Words   |  6 PagesNutrition and Weight Status: Preventing Childhood Obesity A healthy diet is the foundation for achieving a healthy lifestyle. Nutrition, the intake of food in order to provide the body with its dietary needs, is important when referring to a healthy diet (Potter, Perry, Stockert Hall, 2013). Nutrition is good when the body receives the essentially balanced nourishment required to sustain life and successfully perform bodily functions. However, poor nutrition can result in decreased productivityRead MoreChildren s Consumption At Primary Schools1302 Words   |  6 Pagesof childhood dietary assessment methods within schools. Throughout this study, childhood dietary intake evaluations are used to recall or observe children’s consumption at primary schools. Due to increasing statistics of childhood obesity and current expensive, time and resource heavy methods of assessment, an improved means of intake evaluation could prove beneficial. Through this study or research, Paxton, Baxter, Fleming, and Ammerman introduce, practice, and suppo rt a different childhood dietaryRead MoreEssay on Greg Cristers quot;Too Much of a Good Thingquot;993 Words   |  4 PagesThing Greg Crister, the author of the op-ed essay that was featured in the Los Angeles Times, Too Much of a Good Thing, argues that in order to stop obesity, we should stigmatize overeating. Crister states that we should place shame on overeating due to the rising obesity epidemic that faces the world today. The U.N. proclaims that obesity is a dominant unmet global health issue, with Westernized countries topping the list. Crister states that twenty five percent of all Americans under theRead MoreObesity And Its Effects On Obesity1612 Words   |  7 PagesApproximately 17% of children in the United States have been diagnosed as obese (Prevention, 2011). Although the prevalence of obesity has plateaued in the most recent years, the amount of children who are obese is still higher than what is desired. These obesity rates are alarming due to the effect it will have on them and their healthcare. As more children are diagnosed with obesity, the more children increase their risk of cardiova scular disease, hypertension, and insulin resistance later as adults (NewbyRead MoreEffectiveness Of Intervention Programs On Childhood Obesity Essay1489 Words   |  6 PagesPrograms on Childhood Obesity Childhood obesity is growing very rapidly all over the world. Childhood obesity can go further into adulthood. Obesity causes different kinds of health problems such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol. It has psychological effects. For example, obese children have lower self-esteem, negative body image and suffer from depression and poor academic performance. There are many factors that result in obesity. They have

Morrisons novel Beloved Essay Example For Students

Morrisons novel Beloved Essay Black Womens experiences, and in particular the meanings they attach to motherhood, are central concerns in Beloved. How far do you agree? In Morrisons novel Beloved the experiences of black women are greatly discussed. As we delve deeper into these experiences the idea of rememory becomes apparent. This is an idea put forward by Morrison that describes how a memory is revisited by a person bringing them back to the state of mind they were experiencing at that time. This method of Morrisons is used to describe the pain and suffering that most of the black women have suffered. Morrison explores this concept of rememory with great detail as she adds physical scars, such as Sethes chokecherry tree, which make it impossible for the women to ignore their past experiences. The woman that Morrison pays the most attention to is Sethe. She has suffered much and we can see it in not only her mental state but her physical state as well. Morrison describes the severe beatings Sethe suffered and the pain and torment inflicted upon her by Schoolteacher and his nephews. Sethe has horrendous scars to show for a particular occasion when Schoolteacher told his nephews to open up her back. Sethe is unaware of the scars until Amy Denver sees them and is shocked by the extent of the scars. She says to Sethe thats what it looked like. A chokecherry tree. Trunk, branches and even leaves. Tiny little chokecherry trees. Morrison turns this into an ironic image as she begins to describe the beauty of the tree even though the memory of the event from which it came is very ugly. Morrison continues to use this type of language throughout the novel, and even though the language is simple, it gives a depth that allows the reader to experience how the characters feel. Morrisons descriptions are not elaborate or exaggerated, but are honest and real. Sethes discontent is so powerful that is shapes the way she lives and views the rest of humanity. Her past experiences have strengthened her misery and disability to forget what she has been through. Because of all that Sethe has experienced she becomes a determined and protective mother. She refuses to let her children become the property of anybody the way she was owned by Schoolteacher. When Schoolteacher comes to Cincinnati to reclaim Sethe and her children, her love for them is so thick Annie Morgan that she would rather they were dead then have to be faced with the horrors she was the victim of. Morrison writes this scene from one of the white slave hunters points of view. Morrison writes two boys bled in the sawdust and dirt at the feet of the nigger woman holding a blood-soaked child to her chest with one hand and an infant by the heels with the other. As this is from a white persons point of view it adds to the poignancy of the experience. This scene shows the frame of mind of a desperate mother trying to protect her children from a horrific life. After this incident Sethe loses all the support from the community in which she lives. They look at her differently, as though her love for her children brought her to madness. Even those that are close to her find it hard to accept what she tried to do, Paul D says to her What you did was wrong, Sethe there could have been a way. Some other way. Sethe pays for her actions as she loses her children gradually anyway. Because of the ghost of one of her children in the home, her two sons, Howard and Buglar, run away. She greatly misses her children but she has to learn to live with what she did as it still plays on her mind. .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e , .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e .postImageUrl , .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e , .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e:hover , .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e:visited , .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e:active { border:0!important; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e:active , .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u788a9d0cdae4e77c25c4c1f0f9c8457e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Novel ' The Kite Runner ' EssayAt the time, Sethe was just acting as a protective mother but she is paying for the thick love she has for them. Baby Suggs was another woman who experiences losing her children. She lost all but one of her children when they were young, but then lost her son when he was a victim of slavery. Baby Suggs takes care of Sethe and of Sethes children because she has no children left of her own and she is, therefore, a wounded mother. She is also protective of all of them and so when she dies, Sethe and Denver find it very hard to deal with.

The Reformation Literature Flashcard

The Reformation Literature

History Of Computing Devices (computers) Essays - Office Equipment

History Of Computing Devices (computers) Essays - Office Equipment History of Computing Devices (computers) By:Daniel Habay In order to see why we invented computers we must look at how they WERE used and how they ARE used today. One of the first major uses of computers was to aid mathematical pursuits. As computers went along they added to the fields of science and literature. Computers also filled a need, the need to be lazy. It was once said that the perfect combination was laziness and intelligence. I believe in that because you can see how computers are being used today. We use them in Auto factories, basic cleaning, and other menial tasks. I will show you how computers have progressed along and today how they are used to the benefit of everyone in pursuits of math, literature, and science. The first computing device was a digital one. I am speaking of the human hand. Fingers being Digits, thus into the digital computer. This type of computing device was easily accessible but was limited in the sense that it could not go beyond 10. Later on someone came up with the brilliant idea of using smooth pebbles in a container or notches on a sick or bone. A while after that someone came up with the idea to use compressed plant fibers and burnt wood and in doing so they created a familiar counting device all by themselves, they had created the paper and pencil combination that is still used today. A while after that a clay table with grooves in it was used as a calculating device. Smooth pebbles, stones, or clay marbles were placed in the grooves and rolled from one side of the groove to the other to simulate movement of the numbers. A while after that someone came up with the idea of drilling holes or using beads along a string to simulate the movement of numbers. A long time l ater after a stagnation of about 2000 years, a device known as "Napier's bones" was invented by John Napier, the creator of logarithms. These devices aided calculation tremendously as they turned multiplication and division into simple addition and subtraction. A while after that a man by the name of Blaise Pascal invented his "calculating machine". This machine was limited to only addition and subtraction.

Critically assess weather the glass cieling still exists in the modern Essay

Critically assess weather the glass cieling still exists in the modern workplace - Essay Example The most appropriate pattern in this situation is the formation of glass ceiling within organizations that hinder the growth of specific group of individuals. First quoted by Gay Bryant, glass ceiling refers to the barrier faced by specific groups in an organization from moving up the management cadre. The United States Labour Secretary, Lynn Martin, defined ‘glass ceiling’ as ‘Those artificial barriers on attitudinal or organizational bias that prevent qualified individuals from advancing upward in their organization into management-level positions’ Bollinger and O’Neill, (2008) p.10. The following discussion critically assesses practices adopted by organizations to eliminate glass ceiling effect and attached implications. In spite of various diversity management practices, evidences indicate that organizations have not been successful in eliminating the glass ceiling at various levels. Reasons and implications of glass ceiling have been briefly disc ussed hereafter. Employee and labour relations studies as well as organizational behaviour reveal that various practices introduced to counter the glass ceiling have been quite effective in many ways. Glass ceiling effect is seen on different economic and organizational aspects. From an economy perspective, the number of female employees has significantly risen in many parts of the world in recent years. Also, organizations are consciously adopting various diversity management practices in order to enhance their performance and also abide by the human rights constitution (Mor-Barak, 2005; p.372). These practices are specific initiatives to bring about a balance in the labour economy. This need has arisen because of various reasons such as increase in number of immigrants into foreign countries; increase in amount of knowledge and technology-driven work; changing life styles; and, increasing costs of living driven by changing businesses and globalization. From an organizational viewp oint, organizations are hiring more women at various positions and are employing distinct diversity management practices to provide opportunity to people belonging to various races, ethnic and social groups. Yet, evidences through reports, researches, news articles etc indicate that women continue to face discrimination issues at workplace. Moreover, blocking the advancement of specific groups to move up to higher management positions will hinder organizational growth to a significant extent. Breaking the glass ceiling helps organizations to harness valuable talent possessed by, women in particular, and all people, in general, at lower levels that belong to diverse groups. Impact of glass ceiling is varied in different parts of the world. In some regions, the glass ceiling is very obvious and others it is discreet, but still exists. For instance, glass ceiling is more pronounced in single-culture dominated regions like the Islamic countries, South African nations and parts of Asia. In these countries, though constitutional rights are provided to minorities as well as women in terms of work and employee relations, yet discrimination and obstacles confront individuals because of sociocultural customs and practices. Its effect is lesser in the United States, European Union, parts of Asian and Australian regions. Most of these countries are multi-cultural, multi-social and pluralistic nations, which is the reason for subtlety of glass ceiling effect in

Global virtual sales team Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global virtual sales team - Research Paper Example They are functioning to better comprehend the competencies that defines their global leadership strengths. Another challenge lies in the numerous strategies they are implementing. They are unsure which strategy would lead to successful outcomes in attempts to form global teams. Thus, it is a trial and error practice (Virtual teams, 2). The final challenge revolves around the issue of getting those in remote areas engaged. Most remote areas cannot enable the installation of technologies that global team’s use. Hence, people in the grassroots are constantly being left behind regarding virtual team recruitment and training. Accurate information from the rural areas has been rendered useless because it cannot be presented to the top management. The ultimate result is that investors besides some stakeholders cannot access the information. Recruitment and training of virtual teams can be done using online advertisement. One can be recruited when he or she clicks on the website. Ther eafter; they are trained on how to use virtual tools like teleconferencing or video tapes. With each member of the virtual team being in a position to use virtual tools, they can easily be managed by logging in and participation during virtual meetings. Enhancement in information technology eases data to easily avail in virtual teams. This step made it easy to train and educates virtual teams. For example, software for analytical presentation has made it easy for data to be easily availed (Sarah, 1). The software allows data to be presented instantly by using either the web or an intranet. This software also allows complex analyses to be calculated. This software is very useful during recruitment and training of people within the virtual team. Sales in virtual teams are achieved by the use of telemarketing. With a sales team that is effective, evaluating sales is made much easy. This is because the teams have experience on how to manage data related to sales despite their geographic al location. This is done with constant links with the top managers. When to hold virtual meetings among virtual team is an open issue. This is because it depends on the team characteristics. This includes the nature of sales and so on. Virtual meetings can be held at least once a month. However, if there is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed; the frequency increases... This is because there are a lot of uncertainties in the business environment which should be addressed as they arise (Marian, 2). Teleconferencing is one way in which virtual meetings can be held. Teleconferencing offers many advantages. One of them is that people participate regardless where one is. This means that travel expenses are not incurred. With efficient planning, virtual meetings have turned to be successful. The use of video feeds to conduct virtual meetings is also useful. All these methods of virtual meetings need a proper plan to ensure that all succeeds. The same skills that are used in non vi rtual meetings are applicable in virtual meetings. This also demonstrates that conducting virtual meetings is such a simple task. The first and most important step when leading a virtual team is to adequately equip them with the desired tools and skills. Thereafter, building interaction among the team members would be necessary. The rights skills are useful in creating balance between the social skills and technology interface... As a

Inhibition of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Essay Example for Free

Inhibition of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Essay Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is the enzyme that is responsible for converting ethanol to acetaldehyde (the reaction is shown in Figure 13. 1). It is the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of ethanol in the alcoholic beverages we consume. Five different isozymes of ADH have been identified, and it has been shown that the enzyme has a rather broad substrate specificity and can oxidize aldehydes as well as primary and secondary alcohols. For example, ADH can also oxidize methanol (wood alcohol) and ethylene alcohol (antifreeze). The poisonous nature of these compounds results from the ADH-catalyzed conversion of these compounds to toxic products. For example, ADH converts methanol to formaldehyde, which is toxic to the optic nerve and can produce blindness. In high doses, formaldehyde may be fatal. In this study, the authors investigated the ability of formamide compounds to inhibit alcohol dehydrogenase. Only a portion of their data is presented here. The authors were able to propose a mechanism for the inhibition from the extensive data they collected using a wide variety of formamide compounds. The mechanism is shown in Figure 13. 2. Figure 13. 1: ADH-catalyzed oxidation of ethanol. 2 Questions 1. Certain individuals are more sensitive to alcohol than others. For example, women are more sensitive to alcohol than men–even when body weight and % body fat are taken into account, women become more intoxicated than men consuming an identical amount of alcohol. Using what we have learned in the enzyme chapters, give biochemical reasons that would explain why women become more intoxicated than men when consuming an equal amount of alcohol. 2. A treatment for methanol poisoning is to have the victim drink large amounts of ethanol. Why might this be an effective treatment? 3. The authors of this study studied the ability of N-1,5-dimethylhexylformamide to inhibit mouse ADH1. The activity of the enzyme was measured in the absence of inhibitor, and in the presence of 1. 0 :M inhibitor. The data are presented in Table 13. 1. Table 13. 1: Inhibition of mouse ADH1 by N,1-5-dimethy lhex ylformam ide Ethanol Concentration, mM ADH1 velocity, ) NADH absorbance/min (without i nhibit or) ADH1 velocity, ) NADH absorbance/min (with i nhibit or) 0. 20 0. 036 0. 022 0. 25 0. 042 0. 024 0. 36 0. 048 0. 027 0. 60 0. 065 0. 029 2. 00 0. 075 0. 033 Figure 13. 2: Mechanism of ADH1. The inhibitor binds as an aldehyde analog. 3 M max a. What are the K and V values for ADH in the absence of inhibitor? in the presence of the inhibitor? b. What type of inhibitor is N-1,5-dimethylhexylformamide? Explain. c. Calculate the values of and/or ’, if they are significantly different from 1. What kind of inhibitor is N-1,5-dimethylhexylformamide? Explain. ii d. Calculate the K and/or K’ (whichever is appropriate) for N-1,5-dimethylhexylformamide (Hint: You can obtain these values from and ’). 4. The authors describe the mechanism of ADH as an â€Å"ordered bi-bi† mechanism. Give a written description of the mechanism, as shown in Figure 13. 2. How does N-1,5- dimethylhexylformamide inhibit the activity of the ADH enzyme? How does N-1,5- dimethylhexylformamide differ from the â€Å"classic† inhibitors of this type that are described in our textbook? 5. The authors found that a class of compounds called pyrazoles were also inhibitors of ADH. These inhibitors bind to the E-NAD complex. What kind of inhibitor are pyrazoles? Are + these inhibitors the same or different as the formamides? 6. a. Would N-1,5-dimethylhexylformamide be an effective alternative for the treatment of methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning, assuming that it is non-toxic itself (and as an alternative to getting the patient drunk, as described in Question 2)? Would N-1,5- dimethylhexylformamide be effective even if the concentrations of methanol or ethylene II glycol were very high? (Hint: Compare the values of K or K ’, whichever is appropriate, M and K ). b. The compound 4-methyl pyrazole is currently being used as a treatment for methanol poisoning. How would the effectiveness of 4-methyl pyrazole compare with the effectiveness of a formamide treatment? Reference Venkataramaiah, T. H. , and Plapp, B. V. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, pp. 36699-36706.

Overcoming Racial Discrimination in the Heat of the Night :: Film Movie Movies

Through the film â€Å"In the Heat of the Night† racial tensions are high, but one character, the Chief of Police, Gillespie overcomes racial discrimination to solve a murder. The attitudes that he portrays in the film help us understand the challenges in changing attitudes of Southern white town towards the African Americans living there. As the film progresses, Gillespie moves from a desire to maintain peace to a realization that justice is better than peace. This is evident through two separate occasions during the film. The first event was when Virgil Tibbs was arrested solely based on the fact that he was black. After searching Virgil they found over $100 in his wallet. The second event was when the Chief arrested the suspect who stole the dead mans wallet. Since the man had his wallet, Gillespie laid the murder charge on him without further investigation. Through Virgil and the course of the film, Gillespie realizes that there is more to being a police chief than maintaining civil order. As the plot deepens, the Chief risks his neck several times to maintain a good relationship with Virgil. Through these events I feel that the Chief has overcome his racism, and can become friends with an African American. One event that proves this was when the four hoodlums were about to attack Virgil when Gillespie came to the rescue. The boys called the Chief a nigger-lover, which he just absorbed and didn’t let it get to him. In my opinion, if this same event happened a week earlier before Virgil came into the picture, Gillespie probably would’ve snapped and either arrested the boys or give them a good lashing. Another event that backs this point is when the Chief invites Virgil over to his place. Now normally this wouldn’t have been a big deal, but since Virgil was a Negro, it was a big deal. Through these events, I feel that Chief Gillespie overcame his racist ways. Through time, Chief Gillespie starts to realize that Virgil is his equal, and he learns that he can have a relationship with a black man as his equal. During the autopsy, Virgil starts to display knowledge of forensic science superior to anyone on the police force. While this is going on, Gillespie realizes that Virgil may have superior knowledge than himself. This is when the chief starts to view Mr. Tibbs as his equal. Later on in the film, the chief allows Virgil to remain in his office while the pregnant girl was telling Gillespie how Sam Carr supposedly impregnated her.

Compare and Contrast Readings Essay

You have suffered before as I have suffered, maybe not exactly as me, but you have experienced a type of suffering. Mary Rowlandson shows us what suffering is in her book called â€Å" A Narrative of the Captivity,† by creating a character who loses her six year old child due to an attack in her town Lancaster and constantly being moved. Another author, Olaudah Equiano, writes a story about another type of suffering in his book â€Å" The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano,† by telling readers about him being kidnapped directly from his home and being brought into slavery. By reading these excerpts readers can see different types of suffering and how the characters handle them. â€Å"The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano† articulates suffering better because there are events that most people would know about and tells how people around him are dealing with the changes. Equiano’s narrative takes place in the 1800s, when slavery started to become popular. He talks of his self becoming a slave when he was just a kid. After, serving as a slave for different people in Africa, being detached from his family, and getting shipped off to stay a slave but in a fortune country, he did not become belligerent. â€Å"I did not know what this could mean, and indeed I thought these people were full of nothing but magical arts,† (Equiano 59). Equiano thinking the men that are about to enslave him are full of magic proves how young he is, too young to be a slave. A child being a slave for the rest of his or her life is a horrific way to spend one’s childhood. He has suffered all of his life, beginning with the day he was taken away from his home but after all this he did not seek revenge, he became an author. Rowlandson’s narrative speaks on the American Indians being removed from their native land by English people. When a reader starts reading the excerpt, one might think it is only about a woman losing her children but  once you look at the details you will see how the events she describes relate to the event of Americans kicking American Indians off their land. â€Å"The occasion (as I thought) of their moving at this time, was, the English army, it being near and following them†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Rowlandson 39). The reason why readers did not know of the event from the start of the story is because the main character did not know why either. The quote gives us confirmation that the moving to different places is because of the â€Å"English army,† Americans, taking over their property . Both of these authors did a great job at helping readers view different types of suffering and how people handled it. Mary Rowlandson, the main character handles the suffering of losing her children and her home by staying connected with God, as I would. Olaudah Equiano, the main character of â€Å"The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano,† suffers by getting stolen from his home and brought into slavery. By looking at how Equiano deals with being a slave, it is like he just accepts what is happening and does not try to change it. Although Olaudah Equiano does not do much to change his life as a slave, he does a better job at explaining his sufferings to a point where people can relate or know a little background of the event.

Research background and motivation of ANSA - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3124 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? ANSA Automotive Limited (AAL) comprises four (4) main divisions, namely: Mc Enearney Motors, Diamond Motors, Classic Motors and Burmac Machinery. AAL represents the Automotive Sector of ANSA McAL Limited, one of the largest conglomerates in the Caribbean. This sector is one of five (5) key business sectors of ANSA McAL. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Research background and motivation of ANSA" essay for you Create order The others are Brewery; Manufacturing and Distribution; Financial Services; and Media. Mc Enearney Motors is in fact the oldest of the companies, having been established around 1918 under the name of Charles McEnearney the first distributor of motor vehicles in Trinidad. In 1989 Charles McEnearney merged with H. E. Robinson Limited and the name was changed to McEnearney Robinson. In 1992 ANSA McAL bought out the interest in McEnearney Robinson and subsequently traded as Diamond Motors. Classic Motors was formed in 1992 to represent the Honda agency, and introduced the Accord, Civic, Legend, Prelude and CR-V to the local market, and has since acquired the Jaguar and Land Rover franchises. Burmac Machinery currently markets agricultural and industrial equipment, namely the Yale and New Holland line of heavy construction equipment. They are strategically located in Port of Spain, Chaguanas, San Fernando and Tobago, with a total staff complement of approximately three hun dred and ninety (390) employees, which can be classified as permanent, temporary, contract and casual labor. These employees are categorized mainly into Technical Staff (Mechanics, Electricians etc.); Administrative/Support Staff; Sales Executives; Supervisory and Management. This can be further broken down into, as outlined in the Organization Chart of the Sector. See Appendix 1 ANSA Automotive Limited, Organizational Chart. As evident by the aforementioned Organizational Chart, each division is spearheaded by a General Manager, who is responsible for the day-to-day operations of their respective organizations. At the helm of the Sector is a Managing Director who has overarching responsibility for AAL. A Board of Directors, chaired by a Chairman Automotive Division, governs the strategic direction of the sector. Additionally, the brand principals namely, Mitsubishi Corporation, Honda International and Ford USA maintain a close working relationship with the local deal ers to ensure that product and operating standards are maintained. Each division is structured into three core business units, namely, Sales, Service and Spare Parts Department. All of these business units are serviced by other core functional units, which are centralized to all four divisions. These core services include Information Technology; Finance; Internal Audit; Customs; and Human Resource Management. Key to maintaining its market position as one of the leading motor vehicle companies in Trinidad and Tobago is superior corporate growth. It is also one of its major challenges. 1.1.2 Motivation: The author has been fascinated with marketing since the late 90s. Since 1999 I have worked together with marketing in the Automobile Industry and it has always bubble my mind that the rich empirical and theoretical base which marketing rests on is not leveraged to its full potential. In my experience, marketing is often reduced to producing corporate brochures and customer seminars. Although this is important in the day-to-day operations I believe marketing has so much more to offer corporations and shareholders. 1.1.3 Rationale for the study 1.1.3.1 What is the research issue? The research issue is that marketing is not always considered of being capable of corporate growth and growth gurus, including Richard Foster, Clay Christensen, Gary Hamel and C.K Prahalad think not. In their views, marketing is too close to the immediate demands and requirements of current customers and competitors to contribute breakthrough sources for growth. However, marketing gurus Kotler Armstrong argue that there are several environmental factors pointing towards an increased importance of marketing as the driver and creator of competitive advantages and shareholder value. Doyle (2000) says that marketing-led growth is at the heart of value creation and Kumar (2004) says that managers must see marketing strategy as the driver of corporate strategy, because all value begins and ends with customers. 1.1.3.2 Why is it an issue? It is an issue because growth strategists dont see marketing in the automotive industry is capable o f corporate growth. 1.1.3.3 Why is it an issue now? It is an issue now because with the economics crisis marketing managers are asked to perform and television adds now are being advertise on how advertising on TV increase corporate growth and profit. 1.1.3.4 What could this research shed light on? This research would shed light on marketing is it capable to driving an organisation to corporate growth. Is it also an opportunity for me to develop this interest and seek ways to unlock the value of marketing in areas that are critical importance to the CEOs of today corporations. 1.2 Research Topic: This research is designed with the topic statement: An analysis and evaluation of marketing in driving corporate growth in the Automotive Industry 1.3 Aims: The aim of this paper is to offer an insight into the challenges and opportunities for leveraging marketing in achieving and sustaining competitive advantages in the automotive industry. It further seeks to unlock the value of marketing in areas that are critically important to managers. 1.4 Objectives: The objectives are to further investigate the marketing paradigm and its role in the corporate growth discussion in order to prove or disprove the dissertation hypothesis. This would be done by: To analyse the marketing strategies and its role in competitive advantages To evaluate the roles of marketing strategies in the automotive industry To provide a strategic comparison for gap analysis and To provide some strategic recommendations for corporate growth. For the Automotive Industry this dissertation will offer insights into the challenges and opportunities for leveraging marketing in achieving and sustaining competitive advantages for corporate growth. 1.5 Key Words: The key words for this proposal are corporate growth, strategic marketing and innovation. 1.6 Hypothesis Contemporary marketing and management thinkers believe that marketing should play a crucial role in driving corporate growth. This proposal is set out to evaluate the hypothesis: Marketing in the Automotive Industry: is capable of driving long term corporate growth. 1.7 Research Questions The hypothesis gives rise to the following primary research questions: What are the key strategic roles that marketing should perform in order to drive corporate growth. What are the critical success factors for marketings success in driving corporate growth? How well is marketing performing these roles? How well is marketing adhering to the critical success factors? Literature Review Conceptual Framework: Introduction This chapter examine the literature covering the topics of sustaining competitive advantages, marketing and corporate growth. The purpose of this review is to draw out the key theories, concepts and ideas around the subject marketing growth and innovation and to assess how various commentators and academics have reviewed this in the light of the changing business environment. Critical The output will be the literatures view on the key strategic roles that marketing must perform in order to drive corporate growth as well as a concrete set of critical success factors for achieving this. Corporate growth is on the top of every CEOs agenda. Executives are facing increased pressure for sustained growth while the markets are saturating and becoming more contested than ever. Most business leaders agree that growth is critical to long-term corporate success and to society at large. It is considered the most effective way of creating shareholder value, and growth also unleashes benefi ts beyond the economic. It revitalizes organisations and invigorates the people within them and finally it creates jobs in the community. However, only very few companies are able to achieve sustainable, profitable growth. Starting and sustaining profitable sales growth is a tough task. The reality is that only 10% of companies with above-average growth will sustain it for more than 10 years, Baghar et al. (1996). While the focus on the growth challenge has spurred a lot of attention in the management literature, there is one area which the author wishes to explore and that is the role of strategic marketing in the overall corporate growth discussion: Is marketing capable of driving long-term corporate growth? The marketing literature often does not hesitate to underline the importance of marketing as a discipline, and promotes the impact that marketing should have on the strategy formulation as well as on the strategic-direction ( Kerin and Varadarajan 1992). However, i f it is so obvious that marketing must play the lead role in shaping corporate strategy and hereunder the growth discussion, then why do growth experts such as Richard Foster ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦.. Prahalad dismiss this idea! And similarly, what makes the likes of Kolter believe that marketing should indeed be driving corporate growth Key environmental drivers to change Environmental change: According to Doyle (2000) four particular changes of the new information age are reshaping the environment of business and require fundamental strategic and organizational responses from management: The globalization of markets, changing industrial structures, the information revolution and rising customer expectations. Globalization of the market The new information age has seen a dramatic shift to global markets and competition. Across more and more industries, firms that are not building global operations and marketing capabilities are loosing out. Changing the industries structures The information age is changing the nature of the profit opportunities available to businesses. Many markets that were once at the very heart of the economy have ceased to offer profit opportunities for Western firms. Other new markets are rapidly emerging that offer enormous profit opportunities to companies that can move fast and decisively to capitalize on them . The Information revolution Rapid scientific and technological changes continue to radically reshape many industries. But the most dramatic and far-reaching changes of the current era result from the revolution in information technology. The Internet, together with the emergence of broadband cellular radio networks, has created an explosion in connectivity that is revolutionizing almost every aspect of business. Rising customer expectations The information age has brought a marked rise in rising customer expectations. Buyers have grown to expect higher quality, competitive prices, and better and faster service. The most important causes have been the globalization of competition and the deregulation of markets. The impact on marketing: So what does all this mean to marketing? Kotler (2003) comments that todays major economic problem is overcapacity in most of the worlds industries. Customers are scarce, not products. Demand, not supply is the problem. Overcapacity leads to hyper-competition, with too many good chasing too few customers. And most goods and services lack differentiation. In essence, the Internet, technology, and globalization have combined to create a new economy. The old economy is built on the logic of managing manufacturing industries; the new economy is built on the logic of managing information and information industries. The impact of these environmental changes on marketing is significant. Marketing rather than production skills are becoming the key strategic capability necessary to create and sustain competitive advantage, Doyle (2000). 3. Research Methodology Design: Philosophy: The field of marketing lends itself to a positivism research philosophy and also feeds into some areas of some phenomenological philosophy. The interpretation of research outcomes is subjective, with emphasis placed on the underlying meaning and understanding of phenomena. Approach: The analysis of the research will be largely qualitative, however quantitative analysis will be used to highlight patterns and make the analysis more robust. The findings will be compared to theory in context in order to describe the patterns in which it exists. An inductive approach will be used in order to develop theory as a result of the research findings, although there will be an element of deduction in that the structure of the research will based on the academic literature. The research will be performed as a series of structured interviews and questionnaires. Effort was also made to select a range of organisations with the required characteristics such as market, sizes and life-spans, so the sample has a mix of homogenous and heterogeneous characteristics. I intend to interview one management participant from each organisation and the survey participants will be at least 10 of the employees working in marketing or related areas, depending on the size of the company. The semi-structured interviews will start with an organisational questionnaire to gain company information such as number of employees, number of research staff, annual turnover, market sector, products (type, number of different products, product volume and value). The remainder will cover a series of open ended questions to discuss the marketing practices in order to gain an understanding of the approach taken, the structure and effectiveness, how and why certain strategies work whilst others are less effective. Each participant will be asked to answer identical questions, but the order of the questions will not necessarily be fixed as this may detract from the flow of the interview. The survey is intended to supplement data from interviews and sample more widely the practices and individual perceptions in the organisation. The aim is to gain an understanding of how the marketing growth works and also the opinions and understanding of the employees. The questionnaire will h ave structured questions with set responses in order to map the marketing characteristics of the organisation. There will also be open questions for participants to make comments on the various aspects of marketing growth in their organisation. The author approach to the design of the interview and survey is as follows: Preliminary framework built on the review of theory from academic literature prior to design of questionnaires and structured interviews Pilot interview restructure the questions as necessary Pilot use of questionnaire restructure the questions as necessary Interviews notes taken during recording key words and phrases and creating full record immediately after interview Survey questionnaires explained and handed out/ collected during session 3.1 Method of Data Collection and Intended Analysis I intend to perform research in my own organisation, for which I have been granted verbal access to carry out the interviews and survey. In addition, I believe that I require at least 2 further organisations to benchmark and make comparison of the marketing practices and their effectiveness. I have contacted six organisations and have obtained a verbal agreement for access from one of them so far. I am confident that I will be able to gain the required number of participating organisations, however if I have less participants I can modify my research approach and increase the number of interview and survey participants at each organisation and complete a more in-depth study. In order to make the process run smoothly and to obtain a speedy and efficient response to the surveys I intend to run one or two sessions in the organisation where all of the participants will be present and during which I will hand out and collect the questionnaires. This will both ensure a high response r ate and that the correct participants answer the survey. In addition, it will enable me to explain clearly the aims of the research control how the survey is administered and make clear the type of information required for the open-ended part of the questionnaires. Using the inductive approach, the analysis of the interviews will be mostly qualitative, with the interviews used to understand the business environment. Quantitative analysis of the questionnaires will be used to map the characteristics of the organisations and discover patterns in the responses within organisations. Consideration of the data and patterns found in all of the organisations will be used in conjunction with academic theory to try to explain the findings and answer the research objectives posed in section above. 3.2 Design 3.2.1 Validity and Reliability In the design of the research approach I have considered the following: 3.2.1.1 Internal validity Increased through use of multiple sources of evidence, structured interviews and questionnaires (both closed and open questions). The design of questions and survey will be based on understanding of the theory from the literature and pilot testing of the interview and questionnaire will be used to make sure questions are understood as intended. 3.2.1.2 External validity Multiple cases considered to examine whether findings can be generalised over a number of organisations. There is no requirement to make a statistical analysis of the results for generalisation here as the approach chosen examines practices and their effectiveness. The aim is to explain the findings and explore generalisability through a comparison of findings with theory and using Excel, charts and statistics to show the analysis of the data. 3.2.1.3 Reliability Structured interviews with questions derived from literature in order to examine cases in same way. Surveys to back up the interviews and obtain views from a wider group and questionnaires all administered at the same time and in controlled manner, explanation to ensure participants all understand research in same way. 3.3. Limitations The author recognises that this type of research has its limitations and has summarized them: The author is not a trained interviewer The sample is not representative of the population The research is only from a subset of the overall Automotive Industry 3.4 Research Ethics The interviewees and survey participants will be given a clear written description of the purpose, scope and intended outcomes of the research. The type of information required for the research will be clearly stated as will the policy for anonymity and confidentiality. The research will be carried out in a way that will ensure confidentiality of the participant organisations and the individual participants in the surveys. Some organisations which participate in the research will not be named in the dissertation, nor will some interviewees and the questionnaires will be anonymous. 4. Time Scale The plan for the research project timescales is shown in the Gantt chart below. In summary, there are the following considerations in the project plan: 4.1 Literature review Already performed background literature search to help formulate research ideas, anticipate further extensive period of research before writing the Literature Review. The final literature survey before completion of the manuscript to cover any newly published work. 4.2 Questionnaire/ Interview Design Have form of questionnaire which needs adapting for use. Intend to design the structured interview and questionnaire after the majority of the literature review is complete, will both be piloted and their design reviewed. 4.3 Interviews and Surveys Visit participant organisations to carry out interviews and surveys during August and September 2010. An efficient and rapid response is expected as surveys issued and collected whilst at the participant organisations. 4.4 Data Analysis Structured interviews with responses analysed qualitatively. Surveys coded and responses analysed quantitatively. 4.5 Dissertation Drafts Produce drafts of the dissertation sections for content discussion with supervisor throughout the timescale below, then draft dissertation will be of required standard with only minor revision required for submission. The main resource required to carry out the research is my time, I have the support of my employers to carry out this research and I will be able to take days out of work to visit the participant organisations. I have the means to visit the participants (who are all in the TT) and also to analyse the data and write up the dissertation.